摘要： 基于中国健康与营养调查数据的经验分析表明我国农村收入不平等呈"倒U型"分布：20世纪90年代后期开始持续上升，2004年达到峰值后快速回落。误差成分模型的估计结果表明：农村收入不平等主要由暂时性方差构成；收入不平等的变化同时反映了收入永久性方差和暂时性方差的变化，后者在不平等变化中起了更大的作用。以上结论表明我国劳动者收入动态过程不同于西方国家，对收入分配的干预必须采取不同的工具组合。
关键词： 收入不平等；误差成分模型；最小距离法
Jin Jing1,*， Wang Yan-min2,
（ 1、Accounting School,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073； 2、Institute of Anhui\'s Economic and Social Development Research,Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Anhui, Bengbu 233041； ）
Abstract： The Empirical Evidence from CHNS data reveals that the income inequality in rural China is an inverted U-shape. The inequality started to increase in the later 1990s, peaked in 2004 and then sharply declined. The result of error component model shows that income inequality in rural China is mainly composed of transitory variance. In the other hand, the change of income inequality reflects both the change in permanent variance and the change in transitory variance, and the latter have played a larger role. The evidence suggests that the income dynamics process in China is different with western countries, thus customized tools is required to intervene income distribution.
Keywords： Income Inequality; Error Components Model; Minimal Distance Estimator
